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Assessing ChatGPT’s Performance in Analyzing Students’ Sentiments: A Case Study in Course Feedback

  • The emergence of large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT has impacted fields such as education, transforming natural language processing (NLP) tasks like sentiment analysis. Transformers form the foundation of LLMs, with BERT, XLNet, and GPT as key examples. ChatGPT, developed by OpenAI, is a state-of-the-art model and its ability in natural language tasks makes it a potential tool in sentiment analysis. This thesis reviews current sentiment analysis methods and examines ChatGPT’s ability to analyze sentiments across three labels (Negative, Neutral, Positive) and five labels (Very Negative, Negative, Neutral, Positive, Very Positive) on a dataset of student course reviews. Its performance is compared with fine tuned state-of-the-art models like BERT, XLNet, bart-large-mnli, and RoBERTa-large-mnli using quantitative metrics. With the help of 7 prompting techniques which are ways to instruct ChatGPT, this work also analyzed how well it understands complex linguistic nuances in the given texts using qualitative metrics. BERT and XLNet outperform ChatGPT mainly due to their bidirectional nature, which allows them to understand the full context of a sentence, not just left to right. This, combined with fine-tuning, helps them capture patterns and nuances better. ChatGPT, as a general purpose, open-domain model, processes text unidirectionally, which can limit its context understanding. Despite this, ChatGPT performed comparably to XLNet and BERT in three-label scenarios and outperformed others. Fine-tuned models excelled in five label cases. Moreover, it has shown impressive knowledge of the language. Chain-of-Thought (CoT) was the most effective technique for prompting with step by step instructions. ChatGPT showed promising performance in correctness, consistency, relevance, and robustness, except for detecting Irony. As education evolves with diverse learning environments, effective feedback analysis becomes increasingly valuable. Addressing ChatGPT’s limitations and leveraging its strengths could enhance personalized learning through better sentiment analysis.

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Metadaten
Author:Akshay Rajkumar Sarda
URN:urn:nbn:de:hbz:kob7-25130
Advisor:Frank Hopfgartner, Stefania Zourlidou
Document Type:Master's Thesis
Language:English
Date of completion:2024/09/05
Date of publication:2024/09/24
Publishing institution:Universität Koblenz, Universitätsbibliothek
Granting institution:Universität Koblenz, Fachbereich 4
Date of final exam:2024/09/05
Release Date:2024/09/24
Tag:Sentiment Analysis, ChatGPT, Students sentiments
Number of pages:x, 79
Institutes:Fachbereich 4 / Institut für Informatik
BKL-Classification:54 Informatik
Licence (German):License LogoCC BY-SA