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Semantic desktop environments aim at improving the effectiveness and efficiency of users carrying out daily tasks within their personal information management infrastructure (PIM). They support the user by transferring and exploiting the explicit semantics of data items across different PIM applications. Whether such an approach does indeed reach its aim of facilitating users" life and—if so—to which extent, however, remains an open question that we address in this paper with the first summative evaluation of a semantic desktop approach. We approach the research question exploiting our own semantic desktop infrastructure, X-COSIM. As data corpus, we have used over 100 emails and 50 documents extracted from the organizers of a conference-like event at our university. The evaluation has been carried out with 18 subjects. We have developed a test environment to evaluate COSIMail and COSIFile, two semantic PIM applications based on X-COSIM. As result, we have found a significant improvement for typical PIM tasks compared to a standard desktop environment.
Social networking platforms as creativity fostering systems: research model and exploratory study
(2008)
Social networking platforms are enabling users to create their own content, share this content with anyone they invite and organize connections with existing or new online contacts. Within these electronic environments users voluntarily add comments on virtual boards, distribute their search results or add information about their expertise areas to their social networking profiles and thereby share it with acquaintances, friends and increasingly even with colleagues in the corporate world. As a result, it is most likely that the underlying knowledge sharing processes result in many new and creative ideas. The objective of our research therefore is to understand if and how social social networking platforms can enforce creativity. In addition, we look at how these processes could be embedded within the organizational structures that influence innovative knowledge sharing behavior. The basis for our research is a framework which focuses on the relations between intrinsic motivation, creativity and social networking platforms. First results of our empirical investigation of a social software platform called "StudiVZ.net" proved that our two propositions are valid.
Querying for meta knowledge
(2008)
The Semantic Web is based on accessing and reusing RDF data from many different sources, which one may assign different levels of authority and credibility. Existing Semantic Web query languages, like SPARQL, have targeted the retrieval, combination and reuse of facts, but have so far ignored all aspects of meta knowledge, such as origins, authorship, recency or certainty of data, to name but a few. In this paper, we present an original, generic, formalized and implemented approach for managing many dimensions of meta knowledge, like source, authorship, certainty and others. The approach re-uses existing RDF modeling possibilities in order to represent meta knowledge. Then, it extends SPARQL query processing in such a way that given a SPARQL query for data, one may request meta knowledge without modifying the query proper. Thus, our approach achieves highly flexible and automatically coordinated querying for data and meta knowledge, while completely separating the two areas of concern.
This dissertation introduces a methodology for formal specification and verification of user interfaces under security aspects. The methodology allows to use formal methods pervasively in the specification and verification of human-computer interaction. This work consists of three parts. In the first part, a formal methodology for the description of human-computer interaction is developed. In the second part, existing definitions of computer security are adapted for human-computer interaction and formalized. A generic formal model of human-computer interaction is developed. In the third part, the methodology is applied to the specification and verification of a secure email client.
Probability propagation nets
(2008)
This work introduces a Petri net representation for the propagation of probabilities and likelihoods, which can be applied to probabilistic Horn abduction, fault trees, and Bayesian networks. These so-called "probability propagation nets" increase the transparency of propagation processes by integrating structural and dynamical aspects into one homogeneous representation. It is shown by means of popular examples that probability propagation nets improve the understanding of propagation processes - especially with respect to the Bayesian propagation algorithms - and thus are well suited for the analysis and diagnosis of probabilistic models. Representing fault trees with probability propagation nets transfers these possibilities to the modeling of technical systems.
This volume contains those research papers presented at the Second International Conference on Tests and Proofs (TAP 2008) that were not included in the main conference proceedings. TAP was the second conference devoted to the convergence of proofs and tests. It combines ideas from both areas for the advancement of software quality. To prove the correctness of a program is to demonstrate, through impeccable mathematical techniques, that it has no bugs; to test a program is to run it with the expectation of discovering bugs. On the surface, the two techniques seem contradictory: if you have proved your program, it is fruitless to comb it for bugs; and if you are testing it, that is surely a sign that you have given up on any hope of proving its correctness. Accordingly, proofs and tests have, since the onset of software engineering research, been pursued by distinct communities using rather different techniques and tools. And yet the development of both approaches leads to the discovery of common issues and to the realization that each may need the other. The emergence of model checking has been one of the first signs that contradiction may yield to complementarity, but in the past few years an increasing number of research efforts have encountered the need for combining proofs and tests, dropping earlier dogmatic views of their incompatibility and taking instead the best of what each of these software engineering domains has to offer. The first TAP conference (held at ETH Zurich in February 2007) was an attempt to provide a forum for the cross-fertilization of ideas and approaches from the testing and proving communities. For the 2008 edition we found the Monash University Prato Centre near Florence to be an ideal place providing a stimulating environment. We wish to sincerely thank all the authors who submitted their work for consideration. And we would like to thank the Program Committee members as well as additional referees for their great effort and professional work in the review and selection process. Their names are listed on the following pages. In addition to the contributed papers, the program included three excellent keynote talks. We are grateful to Michael Hennell (LDRA Ltd., Cheshire, UK), Orna Kupferman (Hebrew University, Israel), and Elaine Weyuker (AT&T Labs Inc., USA) for accepting the invitation to address the conference. Two very interesting tutorials were part of TAP 2008: "Parameterized Unit Testing with Pex" (J. de Halleux, N. Tillmann) and "Integrating Verification and Testing of Object-Oriented Software" (C. Engel, C. Gladisch, V. Klebanov, and P. Rümmer). We would like to express our thanks to the tutorial presenters for their contribution. It was a team effort that made the conference so successful. We are grateful to the Conference Chair and the Steering Committee members for their support. And we particularly thank Christoph Gladisch, Beate Körner, and Philipp Rümmer for their hard work and help in making the conference a success. In addition, we gratefully acknowledge the generous support of Microsoft Research Redmond, who financed an invited speaker.
The University of Koblenz-Landau would like to apply for participation in the RoboCup Mixed Reality League in Suzhou, China 2008. Our team is composed of ten team members and two supervisors. All members are graduate students of Computational Visualistics. Our supervisors are Ph.D. candidates currently researching in the working groups of artificial intelligence and computer graphics.
Computers and especially computer networks have become an important part of our everyday life. Almost every device we use is equipped with a computer or microcontroller. Recent technology has even boosted this development by miniaturization of the size of microcontrollers. These are used to either process or collect data. Miniature senors may sense and collect huge amounts of information coming from nature, either from environment or from our own bodies. To process and distribute the data of these sensors, wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been developed in the last couple of years. Several microcontrollers are connected over a wireless connection and are able to collect, transmit and process data for various applications. Today, there are several WSN applications available, such as environment monitoring, rescue operations, habitat monitoring and smart home applications. The research group of Prof. Elaine Lawrence at the University of Technology, Sydney (UTS) is focusing on mobile health care with WSN. Small sensors are used to collect vital data. This data is sent over the network to be processed at a central device such as computer, laptop or handheld device. The research group has developed several prototypes of mobile health care. This thesis will deal with enhancing and improving the latest prototype based on CodeBlue, a hardware and software framework for medical care.
The internet is becoming more and more important in daily life. Fundamental changes can be observed in the private sector as well as in the public sector. In the course of this, active involvement of citizens in planning political procedures is more and more supported electronically. The expectations culminate in the assumption that information and communication technology (ICT) can enhance civic participation and reduce disenchantment with politics. Out of these expectations, a lot of eparticipation projects were initiated in Germany. Initiatives were established, e.g. the "Initiative eParticipation", which gave many incentives of electronic participation for policy and administration in order to strengthen decision-making processes with internet supported participation practices. This thesis consists of two major parts. In the first part, definitions of the essential terms are presented. The position of e-participation within the dimension of ebusiness is pointed out. In order to explain e-participation, basics of the classical offline participation are delivered. It will be shown that a change is in progress, not only because of the deployment of ICT. Subsequently, a framework to characterize eparticipation is presented. The European Union is encouraging the implementation of e-participation. So, the city of Koblenz should be no exception. But what is the current situation in Koblenz? To provide an answer to this question, the status quo was examined with the help of a survey among the citizens of Koblenz, which was developed, conducted and evaluated. This is the second major part of this thesis.